Factors associated with bacterial contamination of shallow well water sources. Case Study of Juja hostels Kiambu County

The use of water from polluted sources poses numerous public health challenges in developing countries. ultimate purpose any solid and liquid waste management plan is to mitigate environmental pollution; these goals become unachievable the absence a participatory approach integrated management. This study sought determine extent underground pollution groundwater Juja Town. Sanitary inspection quality analysis are complementary valuable tools for characterizing protecting safety. shallow wells great importance because it used consumption hostels. A two-stage cluster sampling strategy was adopted obtain representative sample size. Data collection involved administration questionnaires field observation checklists, E. coli levels present were determined by number positive tubes table computation most probable (MPN). Results showed that predominant types disposal practices observed septic tank systems (77%) private (87.3%) methods. Sixty-eight per cent samples found be (they exceeded WHO (2004) maximum permissible load 0.01/100 ml drinking water. Three sanitary risk factors had statistically significant effect on dependent variable: distance well level contamination (0.016), (0.039), fitness cover (0.024). Shallow unsuitable food processing due presence bacteria. consequences consuming contaminated can expensive treat. Water with ranging <3 - >1000 MPN/g, indicating fecal area's sources.